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Presentation comparison
EmergencyCovers medication side effects, iatrogenic toxicity, and QT-prolongation risk.
5 of 9 diagnoses compared
| CriteriaComparison detail | Antipsychotic adverse effectsEmergency |
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Temporal association with antipsychotic initiation, dose change, or depot timing.
Clinical reference — not validated decision support. Review before use.
| Clozapine-specific adverse effectsEmergency |
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| SSRIEmergency |
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| Lithium adverse effectsEmergency |
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| Valproate adverse effectsEmergency |
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| Anticholinergic burdenEmergencyNot selected |
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| Serotonin syndromeEmergencyNot selected |
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| Neuroleptic malignant syndromeEmergencyNot selected |
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| QT prolongation risk stateEmergencyNot selected |
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| Why it fits | Sedation, weight gain, EPSE, prolactin elevation, constipation, QT prolongation, sexual dysfunction, emotional blunting | Constipation, ileus, myocarditis, heavy sedation, sialorrhoea, seizure, fever, neutropenia | Nausea, insomnia, anxiety activation, sexual dysfunction, sweating, GI upset, hyponatraemia | Fine tremor, polyuria, polydipsia, GI upset, cognitive dulling, ataxia, vomiting, confusion | Sedation, tremor, weight gain, GI upset, thrombocytopenia, hepatotoxicity, hyperammonaemic confusion | Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurry vision, confusion, delirium, tachycardia, hot dry skin | Agitation, tremor, clonus, hyperreflexia, diaphoresis, diarrhoea, fever after serotonergic combinations | Rigidity, fever, autonomic instability, confusion after dopamine blockade or withdrawal | Syncope, presyncope, palpitations, dizziness, or ECG QTc prolongation |
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| What argues against | Applies to the whole presentationReview locally. | ||||||||
| Must-not-miss | NMS, severe akathisia, bowel obstruction with clozapine, torsades risk, aspiration | Severe constipation/abdominal pain, tachycardia with chest pain/dyspnoea, CRP/troponin rise, neutropenic sepsis, seizure, aspiration | Serotonin toxicity, severe akathisia-like restlessness, hyponatraemia | ||||||
| Bedside question | Applies to the whole presentationTemporal association with antipsychotic initiation, dose change, or depot timing. | ||||||||
| Immediate action | Applies to the whole presentationConstipation with clozapine is a red flag, not a nuisance side effect Clozapine constipation and myocarditis are high-risk problems | ||||||||
| Investigations | Applies to the whole presentationECG / QT assessment, Urea, electrolytes, creatinine, Inflammatory markers (CRP/ESR), Creatine kinase | ||||||||
| Mimics / overlap | Applies to the whole presentationReview overlap locally. | ||||||||
Scroll horizontally to review more candidate differentials. Clinical reference — not validated decision support. Review before use.
Review locally.
Temporal association with antipsychotic initiation, dose change, or depot timing.
Constipation with clozapine is a red flag, not a nuisance side effect Clozapine constipation and myocarditis are high-risk problems
ECG / QT assessment, Urea, electrolytes, creatinine, Inflammatory markers (CRP/ESR), Creatine kinase
Review overlap locally.
Sedation, weight gain, EPSE, prolactin elevation, constipation, QT prolongation, sexual dysfunction, emotional blunting
NMS, severe akathisia, bowel obstruction with clozapine, torsades risk, aspiration
Constipation, ileus, myocarditis, heavy sedation, sialorrhoea, seizure, fever, neutropenia
Severe constipation/abdominal pain,
Nausea, insomnia, anxiety activation, sexual dysfunction, sweating, GI upset, hyponatraemia
Serotonin toxicity, severe akathisia-like restlessness
Fine tremor, polyuria, polydipsia, GI upset, cognitive dulling, ataxia, vomiting, confusion
Seizures, AKI,
Sedation, tremor, weight gain, GI upset, thrombocytopenia, hepatotoxicity, hyperammonaemic confusion
Hepatic failure, hyperammonaemic encephalopathy
Based on current selection
Safety first. Act early.
Create a concise comparison summary for documentation or handoff.
Source pending review
v10 | Local content only
Last updated: Pending review
Open a selected differential to review its clinical record.
Based on current selection
Create a concise comparison summary for documentation or handoff.
Source pending review
v10 | Local content only
Last updated: Pending review
| Seizures, AKI, severe confusion, arrhythmia. Worsened by NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, diuretics |
| Hepatic failure, hyperammonaemic encephalopathy, thrombocytopenia |
| Severe delirium, ileus, urinary retention, hyperthermia, arrhythmia |
| Hyperthermia, autonomic instability, ICU-level illness. Caused by: SSRI/SNRI + MAOI, tramadol, linezolid, lithium, St John's wort |
| Rhabdomyolysis, AKI, collapse, death |
| QTc >500 ms, torsades, sudden death risk. Risk from: multiple QT drugs, low K+/Mg2+, bradycardia, congenital predisposition, structural heart disease |
Safety first. Act early.