Medication-Induced Movement
Medication-Induced Movement
Full criteria not included in this record
Full criteria not included in this record
Full criteria not included in this record
Full criteria not included in this record
A. Involuntary movements (tardive dystonia: sustained/repetitive muscle contractions; tardive akathisia: subjective restlessness + repetitive movements) developing in association with neuroleptic use, persisting ≥4 weeks B. Movements persist after neuroleptic dose reduction or discontinuation; or neuroleptic still required and symptoms are persistent
A. Dopamine antagonist exposure (antipsychotic or antiemetic) and development of severe muscle rigidity and elevated temperature B. ≥2 of: diaphoresis; dysphagia; tremor; incontinence; change in level of consciousness (confusion to coma); mutism; tachycardia; elevated/labile BP; leukocytosis; elevated CK C. Not attributable to another substance or medical/neurological condition
Tardive dystonia - predominantly cervical; Tardive dystonia - predominantly cranial; Tardive dystonia - generalised; Tardive akathisia - predominantly subjective
Associated with antipsychotic exposure; Associated with dopaminergic withdrawal; With severe rhabdomyolysis; Severity (Mild / Moderate / Severe)
Acute dystonia or akathisia (onset early; reversible with dose reduction); Primary dystonia (genetic; no medication exposure); Essential tremor (action/postural; no choreiform features)
Serotonin syndrome (hyperthermia + clonus + diaphoresis + hyperreflexia - starts within 24 hrs; clonus distinguishes from NMS rigidity); Malignant hyperthermia (anaesthetic trigger; volatile agents/suxamethonium; ryanodine receptor mutation); Lethal catatonia (treatment with ECT; NMS and lethal catatonia may overlap)