Selective mutism

Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations (despite speaking in others)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Persistent deficits in social communication/interaction across multiple contexts (≥3 components: social-emotional reciprocity; nonverbal communicative behaviours; developing/maintaining relationships)

NeurodevelopmentalF84.0

Childhood-onset fluency disorder (stuttering)

Disturbances in normal fluency and time patterning of speech inappropriate for age and language skills; ≥1 of: sound/syllable repetitions; sound prolongations; broken words; audible/silent blocking; circumlocutions; words produced with excess physical tension; monosyllabic whole-word repetitions

NeurodevelopmentalF80.81

Language disorder

Persistent difficulties in acquisition and use of language across modalities (spoken, written, sign, or other) due to deficits in comprehension or production, including reduced vocabulary, limited sentence structure, and impairments in discourse

NeurodevelopmentalF80.2

Social anxiety disorder

Marked fear/anxiety about ≥1 social situation with possible scrutiny by others

Anxiety & Fear-BasedF40.10

Catatonia (associated, due to GMC, or unspecified)

≥3 of 12 catatonia symptoms: stupor; catalepsy; waxy flexibility; mutism; negativism; posturing; mannerism; stereotypy; agitation; grimacing; echolalia; echopraxia

Neurocognitive & DeliriumG31.9/F09

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

Dopamine antagonist exposure (antipsychotic or antiemetic) and development of severe muscle rigidity and elevated temperature

Medication-Induced MovementG21.0

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD)

Consistent pattern of inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behaviour toward caregivers; ≥2 of: rarely seeks/responds to comfort when distressed; minimal positive affect; unexplained irritability/sadness/fearfulness

Trauma & Stressor-RelatedF94.2

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8 DSM diagnoses

Selective mutism

Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations (despite speaking in others)

Anxiety & Fear-BasedF94.0

Social anxiety disorder

Marked fear/anxiety about ≥1 social situation with possible scrutiny by others

Anxiety & Fear-BasedF40.10

Catatonia (associated, due to GMC, or unspecified)

≥3 of 12 catatonia symptoms: stupor; catalepsy; waxy flexibility; mutism; negativism; posturing; mannerism; stereotypy; agitation; grimacing; echolalia; echopraxia

Neurocognitive & DeliriumG31.9/F09

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

Dopamine antagonist exposure (antipsychotic or antiemetic) and development of severe muscle rigidity and elevated temperature

Medication-Induced MovementG21.0

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD)

Trauma & Stressor-RelatedF94.2

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Reference content only. Confirm criteria, exclusions, and clinical context before use.